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Results
My cookie spread into flat puddles
My cake or cupcakes sunk in the center
My buttercream is gritty
My brownies are gummy or too gooey in the center
Common Causes
- Was the butter or dough too warm?
- The dough may have been too "wet."
- The oven temperature may have been too cold.
- Did you use nonstick cooking spray?
- Was the pan still hot from a previous batch?
How to Fix It
- To cream butter and sugar, the butter should be at a cool room temperature, about 67°F. Keep the butter and dough at this temperature until you bake the cookies to avoid spreading.
- Make sure to measure your flour correctly (ideally, by weighing it). If you're using unbleached flour (which is less absorbent) or live in a humid environment, you may need to add 1-3 tablespoons extra flour.
- If your oven is too cold, the cookie dough won't be able to set at the edges before it spreads too much. Thoroughly preheat your oven for at least 10 minutes before baking. Better yet, check your oven's accuracy with an oven thermometer.
- Never use nonstick spray for baking cookies, it causes excess spreading. I prefer to bake on parchment paper.
- Only bake on room temperature pans.
Common Causes
- Your cake or cupcakes were underbaked.
- Your leaveners are expired.
- The oven door was opened & closed too many times, or even slammed.
- You're baking at high altitude.
- Your batter was overbeaten.
How to Fix It
- Be sure to bake for long enough. For most recipes, you want a toothpick inserted into the center to return a small amount of moist crumbs or none at all. If it comes out with wetness or raw batter still clinging on, it’s not baked through and will likely sink. Cakes are done when they reach an internal temperature of 205 to 210°F.
- Be sure your baking powder and/or baking soda are fresh to be effective.
- For some ovens, opening and closing the door too frequently will reduce the temperature inside to the point your cake won't cook through fully. Slamming the oven door can also collapse a delicate cake.
- If you’re baking at a higher altitude, you’ll need less leavening to achieve the same result as sea level. Without proper altitude adjustments, your products may sink.
- The key to proper creaming of butter & sugar is incorporating just the right amount of air to achieve a light and fluffy texture. Too little air and your cake won’t rise properly; too much and it may collapse from being overly aerated. Avoid creaming at too high of speed.
Common Causes
- Didn't sift the powdered sugar.
- Used the wrong kind of powdered sugar.
- Didn't mix for long enough.
How to Fix It
- Always sift your powdered sugar with a sifter or fine mesh sieve before adding to the buttercream mixture.
- Be sure to use powdered sugar that's been ground to 10x fineness (5x may result in a gritty texture). Even better, use organic powdered sugar that contains tapioca starch instead of cornstarch for an even smoother consistency.
- Beat your buttercream with the paddle attachment for at least 5 minutes total to ensure a smooth texture.
Common Causes
- A glass or ceramic baking pan was used.
- The brownies weren't baked for long enough.
- The brownies weren't cooled before serving.
How to Fix It
- A metal pan is far more effective at baking brownies through the center than glass or ceramic. If that's all you have, you'll likely need to increase the baking time by 5-15 minutes because glass and ceramic take longer to cook.
- Brownies can be difficult to tell when done baking if they contain chocolate chips or chunks. Generally, a toothpick inserted into the center should come out with moist crumbs, but not raw batter. Bake for longer next time. Chill the underdone brownies to solidify if you still plan to serve them.
- If brownies are too hot when sliced and served, they won't have had the time to set fully.




HTH Recipe Development
Thousands of home bakers trust our recipes because they go through a rigorous recipe development and testing process to ensure they will turn out in every home kitchen.

1. Ideation and round 1 testing
Tessa conceptualizes and drafts the recipe, then tests it in the kitchen over and over until the desired taste, texture, and appearance are achieved.

2. Testing and reporting with team HTH
Tessa passes the recipe to Emily on the HTH team to test in her home kitchen in Michigan.
She fills out our Recipe Testing Report to confirm whether or not the recipe was a success.

3. Testing for finer details
After retesting, we also test alternative pan sizes, brands of ingredients, or substitutions for harder-to-find ingredients during this process to accurately answer community questions.

4. Finalize, final bake, and photoshoot
Once the recipe is finalized, only then do we take it to our photographer’s studio and make it once again for its final glamour shots!
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Meet the Founder

Baking brings people together.
In this modern, fast-paced world, I’m grateful I get to share recipes that sprinkle sweet, old-fashioned connection into our lives.
Bringing freshly baked cookies to a neighbor or baking a sweet birthday cake for your grandkid is the best, right?!
Hi! I'm Tessa,
a professionally trained chef, creator of Handle the Heat, and author of The Ultimate Cookie Handbook.
I’m borderline obsessive about testing our recipes multiple times because the worst feeling is when you spend hours and dollars only to end up with a failed dessert!
Understanding (and sharing!) the science behind baking is sorta my superpower, so if, like me, you want to know WHY an ingredient is needed in a recipe, we’ll get along beautifully!
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